TOEFL stands for Test Of Home as a Foreign Language

TOEFL stands for Test Of Home as a Foreign Language. TOEFL is a standardized English language ability of a person in writing (de jure), which covers four aspects of mastery: Listening, Writing and Reading.
TOEFL scoring system using the conversion of each correct answer. The highest TOEFL score one can achieve is 675.

TOEFL Test Objectives
TOEFL has two general objectives are: Academic and General. In the same form, TOEFL certification recommendation could use for both.
Academic tests are used for educational purposes, research or related academic activities abroad, or in Indonesia. For post-graduate, usually a minimum value is 550. while for S1 is 500
General is generally used for the purpose of employment, promotion or job assignment. Many companies that install the English language standard employees by looking at TOEFL score - his. Generally, a minimum TOEFL score is 500 for a standard promoted.
As far as I encountered, the range of TOEFL scores - average Indonesian people with minimal education level S1 is very volatile. There are even some who do not know what and for what it is TOEFL (they read: "tufl"). Not so with the decision-English majors in college. At least they know what is a TOEFL. However, TOEFL score of a student or graduate English majors does not guarantee high. In some cases recruiment times, I found some applicants get the TOEFL score of 300, whereas in the proposal, the person concerned is an alumni of the ABA (Foreign Language Academy).
While in general, fluctuations in the average TOEFL score - rating ranges from 300 to 600.

Did someone guarantee the TOEFL English language skills a person?
Generally, people understand that language is English speaking, conversation, cas cis cus and so on. English cover four main skills: Listening (digestion word through hearing), Writing (digestion words through writing and grammar), reading (digestive meaning of a text language) and speaking (able to pronounce it).
Speaking of language acquisition, it can not be removed from the mastery of four skills earlier, are perfect. However, many of them think, what matters is the ability to say it, even with a full-tolerance grammar and word choice are modest and the origin met.
For example:
John: Would you drive me to the hospital?
Us: Better go now ....
From the meaning of the conversation, saying it has a meaning. But we also know, the quality of a person known by the way he speaks, especially the use diksinya (choice of words).

Test of Home abbreviated as a Foreign Language TOEFL is a test of English language proficiency (an American accent) who is required to register go to college (college) or university in the United States or other countries in the world. This exam is required for applicants whose native language or the speaker is not English. TOEFL exam is organized by the office of ETS (Educational Testing Service) in the United States to test all participants throughout the world.
TOEFL English language test types are generally required for college entrance requirements in almost all universities in the United States and Canada for both undergraduate program (S-1) or graduate (S-2 or S-3). TOEFL test results are also used as a material consideration of English language proficiency of prospective students who apply to universities in other countries, including universities in Europe and Australia. In general, the TOEFL test is more oriented to American Home, and a few different types of IELTS which is oriented to the British Home. Unlike the IELTS test, TOEFL test is in general not have the individual parts of the interview test.
Usually, this test takes about three hours and held in 4 sections, namely sections:
• listening comprehension,
• grammatical structure and written expression,
• reading comprehension, and parts
• writing.
The value ranging from exam results TOEFL: 310 (minimum) to 677 (maximum value) for the version of the PBT (paper-based test).
Since 1998, the TOEFL test is conducted online using a computer (Computer-based Testing / CBT), and since 2005 called the iBT (Internet-based Test). In places that have not been able to carry out CBT or iBT (because there are no computer facilities and internet networks), the TOEFL test is still conducted manually using paper and pencil (paper-based test or PBT). More information about CBT tests and paper-based TOEFL relating to registration, venue, cost, and test preparation materials can be viewed on the official website of the TOEFL, http://www.toefl.org (CBT version of the TOEFL exam results have value ranges from 0 to 300, while the value for the iBT is from 0 to 120) [1].
Lately organizers also held a kind of TOEFL test TWE (Test of Written Home), which results in value is separate from the TOEFL test scores. This test takes 30 minutes, and participants will be asked to write a short essay that describes the ability of participants to express and translate an idea or ideas, and supporting the idea with the examples found in daily life using the English language standard.
Another type of test is TSEP TOEFL (Test of Spoken Home Program) which is similar to the individual interviews on the IELTS test. They are usually used when we want to register as a teaching assistant or lab assistant (as one way to offset the cost of tuition) in universias in the U.S. (or other countries.) Form tests conducted orally and lasts for approximately 20 minutes. Implementation time and the deadline for registration together with other TOEFL tests, and costs approximately U.S. $ 100.

WHAT IS TOEFL?
TOEFL stands for Test Of Home as a Foreign Language (Test of English as a foreign language), organized by an institution in the United States which called ETS (Educational Testing Service).
At first, the TOEFL is required for students in countries whose primary language is not English, but want to continue their studies to the countries official language is English, such as the United States, Canada, and Western European countries.
It is necessary to ensure that students from countries of non-English-speaking can follow lectures in English speaking countries well. Among other things:
• Ensuring that the student will understand the description given lecturer in English (listening skills).
• Students understand the books required textbook (reading skills).
• Students are able to make scientific writing with correct grammar (writing & grammar skills).
To be accepted in western countries, prospective students must have a minimum TOEFL score of 500 (Europe), even to the United States, the TOEFL score required is 550. (The maximum value TOEFL Paper Based Test is 677).

EXTENDED USE TOEFL
Along with the times, even countries whose native language is not English, such as Japan, Korea, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, etc. require certain TOEFL score for prospective students, whether it came from within the country, especially if coming from overseas. In Indonesia, even the TOEFL is also used to:
• Requirements for acceptance of new employees in government agencies, public and private companies.
• Terms of admission of new students for the level of S2 and S3.
• Term of submission of scholarship, either from government or private.

TOEFL DEVELOPMENT
TOEFL myself have several times experienced improvements by the organizers, ETS. The forms of the TOEFL test has ever introduced to the public, namely:
1. TOEFL Paper Based Test
Consists of 3 sections: Listening, Structure, and Reading
Maximum Score: 677
2. TOEFL Computer Based Test
Consisting of 4 Section: Listening, Structure, Reading, Writing
Maximum Score: 300
3. TOEFL Internet Based Test
Consisting of 4 sections: Listening, Reading, Writing, Speaking.
Maximum score: 120.
Although officially, since the TOEFL Internet Based Test was introduced in the whole world, then this type may not apply anymore, but in fact to date, TOEFL Paper Based Test still widely used in various institutions of higher education and for recruitment of employees in Indonesia, or in state- non-English speaking countries.

TOEFL & TOEFL TEST COURSE ONLINE
TOEFLINDONESIA.COM provide TOEFL TOEFL COURSE & TEST ONLINE Prediction for those of you who want to get the TOEFL education quality to improve your TOEFL score, but constrained the time and cost can be expensive to follow conventional TOEFL Course in your city.

exercise

Exercise 1 page 157

I 1. My best friend always helpful with problems.

C 2. The bus schedule has changed since last week.

I 3. Accidentally dropped the glass on the floor.

C 4. The customer paying the clerk for the clothes.

C 5. The professor handed the syllabus to the students.

C 6. Each day practiced the piano for hours.

C 7. The basketball player tossed the ball into the hoop.

C 8. The new student in the class very talkative and friendly.

I 9. Walking with the children to school.

I 10. The whales headed south for the winter.

Exercise 2 page 158

C 1. The name of the baby in the crib is Jack.

I 2. By the next meeting of class need to turn in the papers.

I 3. The directions to the exercise on page twenty unclear.

I 4. Because of the heavy rain throught the night, the walkways are muddy.

I 5. During the week eat lunch in the school cafetaria.

I 6. In the morning after the concert was tired.

C 7. In the summer the trip to the mountains is our favorite trip.

I 8. In a box on the top shelf of the cabinet in the hallway of the house.

I 9. With her purse in her hand ran through the door.

C 10. At 1:00 in the morning the alarm clock on the table beside bed rang.

Exercise (skill 1-2) page 158

C 1. During the meeting in the office discussed the schedule.

I 2. The doctor gave the patient a prescription.

I 3. The tall evergreen trees along the road.

C 4. The watch in the jewelry box needs a new battery.

C 5. Pleasantly greets everyone in all the offices every morning.

I 6. In the office of the building across the street from the park on the corner.

C 7. The dishes in the sink really need to be washed as soon as possible.

I 8. In a moment of worry about the problem with the cash in the account.

I 9. The plane from New York circling the airport.

C 10. On a regular basis the plants in the boxes under the window in the kitchen are watered

and fest.

Toefl Exercise (Skill 1-2) page 159

1. Mark Twain called the years after the Civil War the “Gilded Age.”
2. Early horses had toes instead of hooves on their feet.
3. Tundra plants are found grow close to the ground in the short Artic summer.
4. In 1867, the United States purchased Alaska from the Russians for $7.2 million.
5. Between 1725 and 1750, New England witnessed an increase in the specialization of occupations.
6. The large carotid artery carrying blood to the main parts of the brain.
7. Marconi developed radio as the first partical system of wireless telegraphy.
8. In 1975, the first succesful space probe to venus was beginning to send information back to Earth.
9. The two biggest resort towns in Arkansas are Hot Spring and Eureka Spring.
10. NASA’s Lyndon B.Johnson Space Center was the control center for the Mercury, Gemini, and Appolo space flights.

Exercise 3 page 161

C 1. The crying baby needs to be picked up

I 2. The clothes are lying on the floor should go into the washing machine.

I 3. The waitress bringing the steaming soup to the waiting diners.

C 4. Most of the striking workers are walking the picket line.

C 5. For her brithday, the child is getting a talking doll.

C 6. The setting sun creating a rainbow of colors in the sky.

I 7. The ship is sailing to Mexico is leaving tonight.

C 8. The letters needing immediate answers are on the desk.

I 9. The boring class just ending a few minutes ago.

I 10. The fast-moving clouds are bringing freezing rain to the area.

Exercise 4 page 162

I 1. The food is served in this restaurant is delicious.

C 2. The plane landed on the deserted runway.

I 3. The unexpected guests arrived just at dinnertime.

I 4. The courses are listed in the catalogue are required courses.

I 5. The teacher found the lost exam.

I 6. The small apartement very crowded and disorganized.

I 7. The photographs developed yesterday showed Sam and his friends.

I 8. The locked drawer contained the unworn jewels.

I 9. The tree was blown over in the storm was cut into logs.

I 10. The students registered in this course are listed on that sheet of paper.

Exercise (Skill 3-4) page 163

C 1. Our hosts are serving drinks on the tiled patio.

I 2. The tired woman taking a much-needed nap.

C 3. The letters were sent on Monday arrived on Wednesday.

I 4. The winners deserved the big prize.

C 5. The plants are growing in the garden need a lot of water.

I 6. The shining stars lit up the darkened sky.

I 7. The driver rapidly increased the speed of the racing car.

I 8. The excited children trying to build a snowman in the falling snow.

C 9. The students are completing the course will graduate in June.

C 10. The dissatisfied customer is returning the broken toaster to the store.

Toefl exercise (Skill 3-4) page163

1. The first flower are plants appeared during the last period of the dinosaurs’ reign.

2. The earliest medicines were obtained from plants of various sorts.

3. Simple sails were made from canvas stretched over a frame.

4. Pluto’s moon Charon is moving in a slightly elliptical path around the planet.

5. Technique of breath control form an essential part of any trains program to improve the voice.

6. Robert E. Lee surrendered the Confederate Army to General Grant in 1865 at the Appomattox Courthouse.

7. The pituitary gland, found below the brain, releases hormones to control other glands.

8. At around two years of age, many children regularly produce sentences are containing three or four words.

9. Multinational companies are finding it increasingly important to employ internasionally acceptable brand names.

10. The cornea is located under the conjunctiva, on the exposed part of the eye.

Toefl Review Exercise (Skills 1-4) page 164

1. The Polynesians first settled the Hawaiian Islands between A.D. 300 and 750.

2. In 1066, a bright comet was appearing in the sky attracted much attention.

3. In some daguerreotype cameras, the object was viewed through a hole in the back of the box.

4. In the Stone Age, stone tools were polished with other rock materials.

5. The first steamship to cross the Atlantic it was the Savannah, in 1819.

6. The Earth’s plates meet each other at crack in the Earth were called faults.

7. The first plant-like organisms probably lived in the sea, perhaps three billion years ago.

8. In male pattern baldness, heredity has strongly influences the degree of hair loss.

9. In Watch the Skies, Curtis Peebles makes a fascinating attempt to explain America’s belief in flying saucers.

10. The irregular coastline of Massachusetts is a succession of bays and inlets, with the hook of the Cape Cad peninsula in the southeast.

Exercise 5 page 166

C 1. The lawn needs water every day, or it will turn brown.

I 2. The book was not long, but it difficult to read.

I 3. It was raining, so decided not to go camping.

C 4. The material has been cut, and the pieces have been sewn together.

I 5. The patient took all the medicine, he did not feel much better.

C 6. The bill must be paid immediately, or the electricity will turned off.

C 7. The furnance broke so the house got quite cold.

C 8. The dress did not cost too much, but the quality it seemed excellent.

C 9. The leaves kept falling off the trees, and the boys kept ranking them up, but the yard was still covered.

C 10. The postman has already delivered the mail, so the letter is not going to arrive today, it probably will arrive tomorrow.

Exercise 6 page 168

C 1. After the plane circled the airport, it landed on the main runway.

I 2. The registration process took many hours since the lines so long.

C 3. This type of medicine can be helpful, it can also have some bad side effects.

C 4. The waves were amazingly high when the storm hit the coastal town.

I 5. We need to get a new car whether is on sale or not.

C 6. Just as the bread came out of the oven, while a wonderful aroma filled the kitchen.

C 7. Everyone has spent time unpacking boxes since the family moved into the new house.

I 8. Although the area is a desert many plants bloom there in the springtime.

C 9. The drivers on the freeway drove slowly and carefully while the rain was falling heavily because they did not want to have an accident.

I 10. If you plan carefully before you take a trip, will have a much better time because the small details will not cause problems.

Exercise (Skills 5-6) page 169

C 1. The lawyer presented a strong case, but the client was still found guilty.

C 2. After the children read some stories before they went to bed.

I 3. The report needed to be completed, the workers stayed late every night for a week.

C 4. If you do not turn on the lights, you will trip in the dark.

C 5. A thick fog came rolling in, so planes unable to land.

C 6. All of the shoes are on sale until the current stock is gone.

C 7. The ship leaving the dock even though some passengers were not on board.

C 8. The outline must be turned in to the teacher a week before the paper is due, and must approve it.

I 9. Because the food was cold when it was served the diners sent it back to the kitchen.

C 10. You should slow down while you are driving, or the police will pull your car over.

Toefl Exercise (Skills 5-6) page 169

1. A spacecraft is freed from friction after it is launched into space.
2. Because lobsters blend with their surroundings, or they hide in crevices for protection.
3. While the shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint, the elbow is a simple hinge joint.
4. A car has several section with moving parts, well lubricated of those parts is essential.
5. Bears cannot see well because they have small eyes.
6. A land bridge existed at the Isthmus of Panama, so animals were able to migrate between North and South America.
7. Although the Empire State Building is built mostly made of granite, it also contains some human-made materials.
8. Pressure differences make the eardrum vibrate as sound waves enter the ear.
9. An optical microscope magnifies as much as 2,000 times, but an electron microscope can magnify as much as a million times.
10. If scientific estimates are accurate, the collision of the Canon Diablo meteorite with the Earth about 20,000 years ago.

Toefl Review Exercise (Skills 1-6) page 170

1. The economic activity of the Pueblo Indians centered on intensive agriculture.
2. In popular terminology, any long snowstorm with a large amount of wind is called a blizzard.
3. Nuclear power can be produced by fusion, it can also be produced by fission.
4. If the temperature is high, igneous rocks may be changed into gneisses.
5. In 1905, Henry Flagler announced his plans to extend his Florida East Coast Railway out across the sea to Key West.
6. The sound comes from a vibrating object will be high or low depending on the number of vibrations.
7. During the late 1880s, urban streetcars were electrified through the use of large motors.
8. Biscayne National Park encompasses almost 274 square miles, but 96 percent of the park is under water.
9. Legislation was passed in 1916 and 1917 gave the Wilson administration authority to intervene in the national economy if it proved necessary.
10. Because a family of birds set up housekeeping in Joel Chandler Harris’s mailbox when the birds were in need of a place to stay, so the home was named the Wren’s Nest.

Exercise 7 page 172

C 1. It is unfortunate that the meal is not ready yet.

I 2. She told me when should pick her up.

C 3. The instructor explained where was the computer lab located.

C 4. We could not belive what he did to us.

I 5. Do you want to know if it going to rain tomorrow?

C 6. We never know whether we will get paid or not.

I 7. This evening you can decide what do you want to do.

I 8. The manager explained how wanted the work done.

C 9. The map showed where the party would be held.

I 10. Can you tell me why was the mail not delivered today?

Exercise 8 page 174

C 1. The teacher heard who answered the question.

I 2. I do not understand what it went wrong.

I 3. Of the three movies, I can’t decide which is the best.

I 4. She did not remember who in her class.

I 5. No one is sure what did it happen in front of the building.

I 6. We found out which was her favorite type of candy.

C 7. Do you know what caused the plants to die?

C 8. I am not sure which it is the most important course in the program.

C 9. We thought about who would be the best vice president.

I 10. She saw what in the box in the closet.

Exercise (Skills 7-8) page 174

I 1. It doubtful whether he will pass the test or not.

C 2. The group discussed who he should receive the prize.

C 3. It is not certain why the class was cancelled.

I 4. I will do what does it need to be done.

I 5. We forgot when did the movie start.

C 6. I would like to ask if you could come over for dinner this weekend.

C 7. The children knew which the best game to play.

C 8. The advison informed her that needed to add another class.

C 9. He saw who took the money.

C 10. It is unclear how the window got broken.

Toefl Exercise (Skills 7-8) page 175

1. Today the true story of what happening at Little Bignorn remains a mystery.
2. For more than a decade, bird-watchers have warned that certain species are becoming scarce.
3. Early in the eighteenth century, Halley accurately predicted when the comet of 1682 would return.
4. No single factor explains why aging has an effect vary so greatly among individuals.
5. Back of clarity about who will lead the party in the coming year will be removed at the party’s convention.
6. We do not know whether the bow drill was first developed for woodworking or fire making.
7. Minute man National Historical Park is a monument to where the beginning of the Revolutionary War.
8. Test on the colors of cars were conducate at the Universitas of California to determine which the safest colors for cars.
9. The National Institute of Dental Research estimates for school children in fluoridated areas have about 25 percent less tooth decay than children elsewhere.
10. The process of photosynthesis explains how with green plants are able to use the energy in sunlight to manufacture foods from the simple chemicals in air and water.

Toefl Review Exercise (Skills 1-8) page 176

1. Air near the equator to have a faster west-to-east motion than air farther from the equator.
2. About 4000 B.C., humans discovered that the ability of metallic obtained from special rocks called ores.
3. In the degradation of DNA quickly after an animal dies.
4. Improvement acrodynamic design has contributed a major part in reancing resistance to motion.
5. The southern part of Florida is much warmer in the winter than the northern part, so more touring flocks to the south.
6. The Moon’s gravity pulls water on the near side of the Earth toward the Moon, and this is what causing tides to occur.
7. As glaciers move, they pick up fragments of rock which become frozen into the base of the ice.
8. The tape measure first evoled from the chains measure used by the Egyptians.
9. A typical Atlantic hurricane starts as a low pressure system near the Africa coast.
10. It is not clear whether the subdivisions of the neocortex are individual units.

Exercise 9 page 178

C 1. I did not believe the story that he told me.

I 2. Ms. Brown whom did you recommend for the job, will start work tomorrow.

C 3. The lecture notes which lent me were not clearly written.

C 4. Sally has an appointment with the hairdresser whom you recommended.

C 5. The phone number that you gave me.

I 6. She is able to solve all the problem which did she cause.

I 7. The day that she spent on the beach left her sunburned.

I 8. Next week I am going to visit my cousin, whom have not seen in several years.

I 9. Did you forget the promise whom you made?

I 10. The teacher whom the student like the most is their history teacher.

Exercise 10 page 180

C 1. The children that were vaccinated did not get sick.

I 2. I did not vote for the politician who he just won the election.

C 3. The dog that barking belongs to my neighbor.

C 4. I took two of the blue pills, which were very effective.

I 5. We rented an apartment from the landlord who does he own the building on Mapel Street.

C 6. She forgot to attend the meeting which it began at 11:00.

C 7. Any student who does not turn in the paper by Friday will fail the class.

I 8. The people which came in late had to sit at back.

I 9. The courses that satisfy the graduation requirements they are difficult.

C 10. After dinner she went to visit her parents, who were living down the street.

Exercise (Skills 9-10) page 181

C 1. My sister prefer to eat food that have cooked themselves.

C 2. The boat that hit the underwater rock sank.

C 3. The car which he was driving could not possibly be his.

I 4. The children built a house in the tree that in the backyard.

I 5. The cost of the trip which we wanted to take.

C 6. The children are playing with the toys which their mother told them to put away.

C 7. The guests who were seated around the dinner table.

C 8. The students have to read all the chapter which are on the test.

I 9. I really do not like the artist which you like.

C 10. The stones that they were set in the ring were quite valuable.

Toefl Exercise (Skills 9-10) page 181

1. Modern humans, who first appeared about 600,000 years ago, were called Homo sapiens.
2. The first writing that we have evidence of is on Mesopotamian clay tablets.
3. They are succulents drought-resistant plants which store water in fleshy tissue.
4. Benjamin Kabelsky, whom most people know as Jack Benny, was a famous comedian in vaudeville and on radio and televisoion.
5. Dinosaurus are known that hunted other animals tended to have very narrow, sharp, curved claws.
6. The first eyeglasses had convex lenses for the aged who had become farsighted.
7. Chimney Rock, which stand 500 feet above the North Platte River, Has eroded considerably in the last two centuries.
8. The hormones change that accompany recurring bouts of severe depression reduce bone denisty.
9. Willa Cather is an author whom readers praise for her evocative and memorable vision of frontier prairie life.
10. Mars’s tiny moon Phobos is small mountain of rock that was probably captured from the asteroid belt by Mars’s gravitational pult.

Toefl Review Exercise (Skills 1-10) page 182

1. Because Annapolis is famous as the home of the United State Naval Academy.
2. Some scientists think that pluto might not be a planet but a moon of Neptune.
3. With the appearance of sophisticated oil lamps, elaborate tools were made to cut the wicks.
4. Fort Union was the site of what being the principal fur-trading post on the upper Missouri River.
5. Since moving faces commercial risk, it has to appeal to a large audience to justify its cost.
6. A current of water known as the Gulf Stream comes up from the Gulf of Mexico, and then it crosses the North Atlantic toward Europe.
7. Systems using the two symbols 0 and 1 are called binary number systems.
8. Genes, which are the blueprints for cell construction, exist in hightly organized packages called chromosomes.
9. The Earth’s atmosphere consists of gases held in place arround the Earth by the gravitational pull of the planet.
10. Oscar Hammerstein II collaborated with a number of composers including Jerome Kern, whom was joined in writing the musical Show Boat.